Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, usilika kanye nezinongo ezivela eChina zangena eYurophu ngomzila wesilika. Ngekhulu leshumi nanye, iphepha laseChina lifinyelele europe ngendlela efanayo. Iphepha lenzeke ukuba kwenzeke ukukhiqizwa kwemibhalo yesandla, kwabhalwa ngokucophelela ngababhali. Kwathi ngo-1295, uMarco Polo, umhloli wamazwe omkhulu, wabuyela e-Italy ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yokuhlola eChina. Njengoba ufunda ngenhla, iChina isivele inezobuchwepheshe zokuphrinta izinkuni, uMarco Polo wabuyela naye lolu lwazi naye. Manje amaNtaliyane aqala ukukhiqiza izincwadi nge-Woodblocks, futhi ngokushesha ubuchwepheshe basakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zaseYurophu. Ukuhlelwa kokunethezeka kwakusabhalwe ngesandla nge-vellum ebizayo kakhulu, kwakusho imibuthano enobuntu nemitapo yolwazi ecebile ethosiwe ezincwadini eziphrintiwe njengeHuptorities eshibhile. Abathengisi kanye nabafundi emadolobheni aseNyuvesi bathenge amakhophi ashibhile ashibhile.
Njengoba isidingo sezincwadi sanda, abathengisi bezincwadi eYurophu baqala ukuthumela izincwadi emazweni amaningi ahlukahlukene. Ama-Book Fairs ayebanjelwe ezindaweni ezahlukene. Ukukhiqizwa kwemibhalo yesandla ebhalwe ngesandla kwahlelwa ngezindlela ezintsha zokuhlangabezana nesidingo esandisiwe. Ababhali noma ababhali bezandla abanekhono bebengasasebenzi kuphela ngabashisekeli abacebile noma abanethonya kodwa baqhubeka ngabathengisi bezincwadi. Bangaphezu kuka-50 ababhali ababevame ukusebenzela iphephabhuku elilodwa.
Kepha ukukhiqizwa kwemibhalo yesandla ebhalwe ngesandla akukwazanga ukwanelisa isidingo esandayo sezincwadi. Ukukopisha kwakuyibhizinisi elibizayo, elibizayo futhi elidla isikhathi. Imibhalo yesandla yayintekenteke, inzima ukuphatha, futhi ayikwazanga ukuthwalwa noma ifundwe kalula. Ngakho-ke ukusakazwa kwazo kuhlala kulinganiselwe. Ngesidingo esikhulayo sezincwadi, ukuphrinta uWoodblock kancane kancane kwathandwa kakhulu. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nanhlanu, kwasetshenziswa kabanzi amapulangwe eYurophu ukuphrinta izindwangu, ukudlala amakhadi nezithombe zenkolo ngemibhalo elula, emfushane.
Kaningi kwakunesidingo esihle kakhulu sokuzalwa kabusha okusheshayo nokushibhile kwemibhalo. Lokhu kungahle kube nokusungulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha bokuphrinta. Ukuphumelela kwenzeke eStrasbourg, eJalimane, lapho uJohann Gutenberg aqala khona umshini wokuqala owaziwa nge-1430s
Language: Zulu