I-ofdedited ngale mpumelelo, uGandhiji ngo-1919 wagqiba kwelokuba aqalise i-Satyigbraha kwilizwe liphela kwi-roylatt yomthetho (1919). Lo mThetho wakhawuleza wadlula kwiBhunga lokuThiselwa kweMfazi ngaphandle kwenkcaso emanyeneyo yamalungu eIndiya. Inike amagunya amakhulu enza impindezelo yezopolitiko, kwaye avumela ukuvalelwa kwamabanjwa ezopolitiko ngaphandle kwetyala iminyaka emibini. UMahatma Gandhi ufuna ukungathobeli kwabangakhathali ngokuchasene nemithetho engenasiphelo, eya kuthi iqale nge-bartal nge-6 ku-Epreli.
Ii-rallies zalungelelaniswa kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo, abasebenzi ziye zagwayimba kwiindibano zocweyo zikaloliwe, kwaye iivenkile zivaliwe. Yothuka yi-sussurge ethandwayo, kwaye woyike ukuba imigca yonxibelelwano enje ngeendlela zikaloliwe kunye nefowuni ziya kuphazamiseka, ulawulo lwaseBritane lugqibe kwelokuba lubethe kwi-Nativen. Iinkokheli zendawo zachongwa e-Ambersar, kwaye uMahatma Gandhi wayethintelwe ekungeneni kwiDelhi. Ngomhla we-10 ku-Epreli, amapolisa eAmritsar agxothwe kwindibano yoxolo, evuselela uhlaselo oluxhaphakileyo kwiibhanki, iiofisi zeposi kunye nezikhululo zikaloliwe. Umthetho wemfazwe wabekwa kwaye i-Dyer Jikelele ithathe umyalelo.
Nge-13 ka-Epreli iJalliallalla ye-Allialla ye-Gallian yenzekile. Ngaloo mhla indimbane enkulu ihlanganisene kumhlaba ovalelweyo weJongalwallag. Abanye beza kuqhanqalaza ngokuchasene namanyathelo amatsha oxinzelelo lukarhulumente. Abanye babeze kwi-baisakhi yonyaka. Ukusuka ngaphandle kweSixeko, abantu abaninzi belali babengawazi umthetho wemfazwe owawumiselweyo. I-Dyer ingene kuloo ndawo, ivinjelwe iindawo zokuphuma, kwaye ivule umlilo kwindimbane, ibulala amakhulukhulu. Into yakhe, njengoko wayevakalisa kamva, yayikukuvelisa isimo sokuziphatha ‘, ukudala ezingqondweni ze-satyagramis imvakalelo yoloyiko kunye nokoyika.
Njengoko iindaba zeJalwalwalla Bagsh zasasazeka, izihlwele zahamba ezitratweni kwiidolophu ezininzi zaseMntla zaseIndiya. Kwakukho ukubetha, ukungqubana namapolisa kunye nokuhlaselwa kwezakhiwo zikarhulumente. Urhulumente waphendula ngenzonzobiso esingathethekiyo, efuna ukumphilisa kwaye esoyika abantu: I-Satyagrayis yanyanzeleka ukuba ihlikihla iimpumlo zawo emhlabeni, kwaye yenza i-saleam Abantu babedityanisiwe kwaye iilali (zijikeleze iGujranwalala ePunjab, ngoku ePakistan) zaziqhwabekile. Ukubona ubundlobongela, iMahatma Gandhi yayeka intshukumo.
Ngelixa iRoplatt Saywagraha yayiyintshukumo exhaphakileyo, yayisekuphela kokoyikiswa kakhulu kwizixeko nakwiidolophu. IMahatma Gandhi ngoku ivakalelwa ukuba imfuneko yokuphehlelela intshukumo ebanzi esekwe eIndiya. Kodwa wayeqinisekile ukuba akukho ntshukumo inokuthi ilungelelaniswe ngaphandle kokuzisa amaHindu kunye namaSilamsi. Enye indlela yokwenza le nto, waziva, yayikukususa umphumo weKhilafat. Imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala yayiphelile ngokuphumelela kwe-Ottoman Turkey. Kwaye kukho amarhe amarhe ukuba isivumelwano sokholo soxolo sasiza kumiselwa kuMlawuli we-Ottoman iNtloko yokomoya yeNtloko yeLizwe laseSilam (i-Khalifa). Ukuya -khusela amandla okwexeshana kweKhalifa, kwasekwa iKomiti ye-khilafat eBoneray ngo-Matshi 1919. Isizukulwana esincinci seenkokheli zikaMuhamad Ali, saqala ukuxoxa nge-Muhamat Gandhi malunga nesenzo esimanyeneyo kumcimbi. UGandhiji wakubona oku njengethuba lokuzisa amaSilamsi phantsi kweambrela yentshukumo yowesizwe. Kwiseshini yeCalcutta yeCongress ngoSeptemba ngo-1920, wayeqinisekisa ezinye iinkokeli zesidingo sokuqalisa intshukumo engasebenziyo kwinkxaso ye-KHilafat kunye ne-swaraj.
Language: Xhosa