Ixesha loqoqosho olucwangcisiweyo lwakwangoko lwalunxibelelene nentlekele yokuqokelela kwezolimo. Ngo-1927- 1928, iidolophu zaseSoviet Russia zazijongene nengxaki enkulu yezixhobo zokusebenza. Urhulumente amaxabiso aqinileyo apho kuthengiswe khona iinkozo, kodwa abalingane bala ukuthengisa iinkozo zabo kwi-Uyers kula maxabiso. UStalin, ohamba ngetheko emva kokusweleka kukaLenin, wazazisa amanyathelo angxamiseko. Wayekholelwa ukuba abantu abatyebileyo nabarhwebi emaphandleni babephethe isitokhwe kwithemba lamaxabiso aphezulu. Uqikelelo kwakufuneka lokumiswa kwaye unikezwe. Ngo-1928, amalungu eqela asungula iindawo ezivelisa ukutya okuziinkozo, ezongamela ingqokelela yokudla okuziinkozo, kwaye ukuvusa ‘i-kulanks’ – igama le-PHEADS. Njengoko ukunqongophala kuyaqhubeka, isigqibo sathatyathwa ekuqokeleleni iifama. Kwakuphikiswa ukuba ukunqongophala kwenkozo kwakuyinxenye ngenxa yesayizi encinci yokubamba. Emva kowe-1917, umhlaba wawunikwe abasebenzi abaqhelekileyo. Ezi fama zincinci zincinci zingenakwenziwa zangoku. Ukuphuhlisa iifama zemodem, kwaye uzibaleke ngemizi-mveliso ngomatshini, kwakuyimfuneko ukuphelisa i-bulles ‘, thatha umhlaba ovela kwiifama ezinkulu ezilawulwa ngurhulumente. Into eyayilandelwa yinkqubo yokuqokelelwa kukaStalin. Ukususela ngo-1929, le qela lanyanzelisa bonke abaphangi ukuba bahlakulele kwiifama ezidibeneyo (Kalkbog). I-bulk yomhlaba kunye nezixhobo zatshintshelwa kubunini beefama ezihlanganisiweyo. Abalingane basebenza emhlabeni, kwaye inzuzo ye-kolkoz yabiwa. Benokonwaba abalingane bawaxhathisa abasemagunyeni kwaye batshabalalisa imfuyo yabo. Phakathi kowe-1929 nowe-1931, inani leenkomo lawela ngesinye kwisithathu. Abo baxhathisa ngokuqokelelwayo basohlwaywa ngokuqatha. Uninzi lwagxothwa lwagxothwa. Njengoko baxhathisa. Ukuqokelela, abalingane bakrexezela ukuba babengesisityebi kwaye babengaxoxwa ngentlalo. Babengafuni ukusebenza kwiifama ezidibeneyo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Urhulumente kaStalin wavumela ukulima okuzimeleyo, kodwa baphatha abalindi. Ngaphandle kokuqokelelwa, imveliso ayizange inyuke ngokukhawuleza. Ngapha koko, ukuvunwa okubi ngo-1930-1933 kukhokelela kwindlala eyonakalisayo kwimbali yeSoviet xa ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezisi-4. Amagama amatsha agxothiwe – asuswe kwilizwe lakhe. Ukugxothwa kwabo banyanzelwa ukuba baphile kude nelizwe lakho.Source D.
Imbono eseburhulumenteni ngenkcaso yokuqokelelwa kunye nempendulo kaRhulumente
Ukusuka kwisiqingatha sesibini sikaFebruwari walo nyaka, kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yokungafuneki kwe-Ukraine yenzekile, ebangelwa kukugqwetha komgca weqela lepati kunye nezixhobo zeSoviet ngexesha Ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo yokuqokelelwa kunye nokulungiselela umsebenzi wokuvunwa kwentwasahlobo. Ngexesha nje elifutshane, imisebenzi emikhulu kwimimandla ekhankanywe apha ngasentla ithwalwe kwiindawo ezingabamelwane – kwaye ezona zinto zinobukrelekrele zenzekile kufutshane nomda. Inxalenye enkulu yokungafuneki komgangatho Phakathi kwe-1 kaFebruwari ukuya kwi-15 kaMatshi, abangama-25,000 babanjiwe, abangama-3673 bavalelwe kwiinkampu ekusetyenzwa nzima kuzo kunye ne-5580 ekuthinjweni … ‘Ingxelo ka-K.m. UKarlson, uMongameli woLawulo lwamaPolisa kaRhulumente kwiKomiti ePhakamileyo yeqela lamaKomanisi, nge-19 ka-Matshi 1930. I-v.
Uninzi ngaphakathi kweqela bagxeka ukudideka kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso phantsi koqoqosho olucwangcisiweyo kunye neziphumo zokuqokelela. UStalin kunye nobenovelwano bakhe babiza aba bagxeki neyelenqe ngokuchasene nobusoshiyali. Izityholo zenziwa kwilizwe liphela, kwaye ngo-1939, ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2 beziintolongo okanye kwiinkampu ekusetyenzwa nzima kuzo. Uninzi lwalungamsulwa lolwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa akubangakho namnye ubethethayo ngenxa yabo. Inani elikhulu lanyanzelwa ukuba lenze izivumo zobuxoki phantsi kokungcungcuthekiswa kwaye zenziwa – uninzi phakathi kwabo yayiziingcali ezinetalente.
Umthombo e
Le yileta eyabhalwa ngumlingani ongafuni nokujoyina kwifama edibeneyo.
Kwiphephandaba iKresktaa Gazeta (iphephandaba lasemva kwephepha) …
Ndingumntu osebenza ngokwendalo olwenziwe ngo-1879 … kukho amalungu ama-6 kusapho lwam, inkosikazi yam yazalwa ngonyaka ka-1881, unyana wam unezintathu, udadewethu ngu-71. Ukususela ngo-1932, Irhafu enzima ihlawulwe kum ukuba ndifumene ingekuko. Ukusukela ngo-1935, abasemagunyeni basekhaya bandise irhafu kum kwaye andikwazanga ukujongana nabo kwaye yonke impahla yam ibhalisiwe: ihashe lam, impahla yam yenkomo, impahla yam yenkomo, impahla yam yenkuni yam yezakhiwo zezakhiwo Kwaye bathengisa kakhulu irhafu. Ngo-1936, bathengisa ezimbini zezakhiwo zam … I-kolkhoz yathengwa. Ngo-1937, kwii-Houts ezimbini bendinazo, enye yathengiswa kwaye enye yahluthwa …
I-Afanasil Dedororovich Frebenev, umlingisi ozimeleyo.
Ukusuka kwi: V. I-Sokolov (ed), obShachestvo i vlast, v 1930-ninawango. Language: Xhosa