Igihe cy’ubukungu cyateganijwe hakiri kare cyari gifitanye isano n’ibiza byo gukusanya ubuhinzi. Kugeza mu 1927- 1928, imigi yo mu Burusiya mu Burusiya yahuye n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’ingano. Ibiciro bya guverinoma ihamye bigomba kugurishwa, ariko abahinzi banze kugurisha ingano kuri uwers uyers muri ibyo biciro. Stalin, wayoboye ishyaka nyuma y’urupfu rwa Lenin, yatangije ingamba zifatika. Yizeraga ko abacuruzi bakire n’abacuruzi bo mu cyaro bari bafite imigabane mu byiringiro by’ibiciro biri hejuru. Ibisobanuro byagombaga guhagarikwa no gutanga ibikoresho byafashwe. Mu 1928, abayoboke b’ishyaka bazengurutse ahantu hatanga ingano, bagenzuraga ibijyanye n’ingano, bagakomeza guteranya ibinyampeke, no gufata ‘Kulaks’ – izina ry’amafaranga myiza – gukora – gukora abahinzi. Igihe ibura ryakomeje, icyemezo cyafashwe cyo gukusanya imirima. Byagiye impaka ko ibura ry’ibinyaro ritewe n’ubunini buto bwo gufata. Nyuma ya 1917, isambu yari yarahawe abahinzi. Imirima mito yumuhinzi mito ntishobora kuvugera. Gutezimbere imirima ya modem, hanyuma ubikore ku mirongo yinganda n’imashini, byari ngombwa gukuraho kulaks ‘, ukureho isambu y’abahinzi, hanyuma ushire imirima minini. Ni iki cyakurikiyeho gahunda yo gukusanya ibibanza. Kuva 1929, ishyaka ryahatiye imigezi yose kwihingamo imirima rusange (Kalkbog). Umubare munini w’ubutaka n’ibikoresho byimuriwe kuri nyirubwite rw’imirima rusange. Abahinzi bakoraga ku butaka, kandi inyungu ya kolkhoz yasangiwe. Abahinzi bajijutse barwanyije abayobozi bagasenya amatungo yabo. Hagati ya 1929 na 1931, umubare w’inka waguye na kimwe cya gatatu. Abarwanyije ibikundwa barahanwa bikabije. Benshi birukanywe kandi bajyanywe mu bunyage. Nkuko barwanyije. Gukusanya, Abahinzi bavuze ko batari abakire kandi ntibarwanyaga ubusegi. Ntabwo gusa bashakaga gukora mumirima rusange kubwimpamvu zitandukanye. Guverinoma ya Stalin yemeye guhinga bamwe kwigenga, ariko ifata abahinzi nkabo. Nubwo umusaruro, umusaruro ntiwahise wiyongera. Mubyukuri, umusaruro mubi wo mu 1930-1933 watumye habaho inzara ikaze cyane mu mateka y’Abasoviyeti igihe yapfaga miliyoni zirenga 4 zapfuye. Amagambo mashya yirukanwaga – yakuwe ku gahato mu gihugu cyawe. Yahatiwe kuba kure yigihugu cyawe.
Kureba byemewe kwa Opozidiatiation hamwe na Guverinoma
Kuva mu gice cya kabiri cya Gashyantare uyu mwaka, mu turere dutandukanye twa Ukraine Kwibutsa Umuhinzi, byatewe no kugoreka umurongo w’ishyaka n’ikigo cyo hasi cy’Ishyaka hamwe na The Soviet mu gihe cya Kutangiza gukusanya no gukora imyitozo yo kwitegura gusarura amasoko. Mu gihe gito, ibikorwa bikomeye bivuye mu turere twavuze haruguru bitwaje ahantu haturanye – kandi imyigaragambyo ikaze yabaye hafi y’umupaka. Igice kinini cyo kwimenyekanisha kwumva cyahujwe nibisabwa byimazeyo kugirango asubire kugaruka kw’ingano, amatungo n’ibikoresho. Hagati ya 1 Gashyantare na 15 Werurwe, 25.000 barafashwe 656 barafashwe, 3673 bafungiye mu nkambi z’abakozi na 5580 bajyanywe mu bunyage …. Karlson, Perezida w’Ubuyobozi bwa Polisi ya Leta wabereye Komite Nkuru y’Ishyaka rya gikomunisiti, ku ya 19 Werurwe 1930. Kuva: V. EDSHTHESTVE NGO, V. 1930-Ye Godry
Benshi mu ishyaka banenze urujijo mu musaruro w’inganda mu bukungu bwateganijwe n’ingaruka zo gukusanya. Stalin n’abagenzi be basabye aba banegura bahanganye kurwanya ubusosiyalisiti. Ibirego byatanzwe mu gihugu hose, kandi 1939, miliyoni zirenga 2 zari muri gereza cyangwa mu nkambi z’abakozi. Benshi bari umwere bw’ibyaha, ariko ntawe wabavuze. Umubare munini wahatiwe kwatura ibinyoma mu iyicarubozo kandi bicwa – benshi muri bo harimo abanyamwuga bafite impano.
Inkomoko E.
Iyi ni ibaruwa yanditseho umuhinzi udashaka kwinjira mu murima rusange.
Ku kinyamakuru Krendiansiankaa gaze (ikinyamakuru cy’amarozi) …
Ndi umuhinzi usanzwe wavutse mu 1879 … Mu muryango wanjye hari abanyamuryango 6, umuhungu wanjye afite imyaka 16, abakobwa babiri 19, mushiki wanjye bose ni 71. Kuva 192, Ninjize imisoro iremereye ko nabonye bidashoboka. Kuva mu 1935, abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze bongereye imisoro kandi sinashoboye kubyitondera kandi imitungo yanjye yose yanditswe: ifarashi yanjye, inyana, inyana, ibikoresho byose, ibikoresho byanjye, ibikoresho byanjye byo gusana inyubako Kandi bagurisha ubufindo bwimisoro. Mu 1936, bagurishije inyubako ebyiri … konkhoz yaguze. Mu 1937, imyenda ibiri nari yari yarariwe, umwe yaragurishijwe kandi umwe yarafashwe …
Afanasil Dedorovich Frebenev, umuhinzi wigenga.
Kuva: V. Sokolov (ED), Obshchestvo i Vastst, V 1930-yewe imana. Language: Rwandi