Ngokomlando, amakati amahle akhiqizwa eNdiya athunyelwa ngaphandle eYurophu. Ngokuthuthuka kwezimboni, ukukhiqizwa kukakotoni waseBrithani kwaqala ukwandisa, futhi izazi zezimboni zacindezela uhulumeni ukuthi avikeleke ekungeniseni ukotini ukuvikela izimboni zasendaweni. Amanani entela abekelwe izimbotshana zendwangu eBrithani. Ngenxa yalokho, ukotini omuhle waseNdiya olungile waqala ukwehla.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, abakhiqizi baseBrithani nabo baqala ukufuna izimakethe zaphesheya kwendwangu yabo. Kukhishwe emakethe yaseBrithani ngemivimbo yamanani entela, izindwangu zamaNdiya manje sezibhekene nomncintiswano oqinile kwezinye izimakethe zamazwe aphesheya. Uma sibheka izibalo zokuthekelisa ezivela eNdiya, sibona ukwehla okuqinile kwesabelo sezindwangu zekotoni: kusuka kumaphesenti angama-30 azungeze amaphesenti angama-1800 kuya kwayi-15 kuye kwangamaphesenti angama-18.
Yini-ke i-India athumele ngaphandle? Izibalo ziphinde zitshele indaba emangalisayo. Ngenkathi ukuthekelisa okwenziwe kwakwenqabile ngokushesha, ukuthekelisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivuthiwe kukhuphuke ngokushesha ngokulinganayo. Phakathi kuka-1812 no-1871, isabelo sokuthumela ngaphandle kwekotoni okuthunyelwe ngamaphesenti ama-5 kuye kumaphesenti angama-35. I-Indigo esetshenziselwa ukudaya kwangenye into ebalulekile yokuthumela emashumini amaningi eminyaka. Futhi, njengoba ufunde ngonyaka owedlule, ukuphathwa kabusha kwe-Opium kuya eChina kwakhula ngokushesha kusuka kuma-1820s ukuze abe yindawo yokuhlala eyodwa enkulu kunazo zonke yaseNdiya. IBrithani yakhula i-opium eNdiya futhi yathumela eChina futhi, nemali etholwe ngokuthengisa, ixhasa itiye layo nokunye okuvela eChina.
Ngaphezulu kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, amaBrithani akhiqiza imakethe yaseNdiya. Okusanhlamvu kokudla nokuthengiswa okubonakalayo okubonakalayo okuvela eNdiya kuya eBrithani kanti umhlaba wonke unyuke. Kepha ukubaluleka kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eBritish eNdiya kwakuphakeme kakhulu kunokubaluleka kokungenisa okuvela eBrithani okuvela eNdiya. Ngakho-ke iBrithani yayine-‘Surplus yokuhweba ‘ne-India. IBrithani isebenzise lokhu okusalayo ukulinganisa ukusilela kwayo namanye amazwe – okungukuthi, namazwe lapho iBrithani ayengenisa khona okungaphezu kwalokho obekuthengiswa ngayo. Le yindlela uhlelo lokuhlala lwe-multilateral lusebenza khona – livumela ukusilela kwezwe elinye izwe elizoxazululwa yi-realplus yalo nezwe lesithathu. Ngokusiza ukulinganisela kweBrithani Ukushoda kwayo, i-India yadlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni wezwe wekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye.
I-Britain’s Trade Surplus e-India nayo isize ukukhokha okubizwa ngokuthi ‘amacala asekhaya’ ahlanganisa imali ekhokhwayo yangasese ekhaya abasebenzi baseBrithani kanye nabathengisi abasesikweletini baseNdiya, nezimpesheni zaseBrithani eNdiya.
Language: Zulu