Landforms and their Evolution
1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) In which of the following stages of landform development, downward cutting is dominated?
(a) Youth stage (c) Early mature stage
(b) Late mature stage (d) Old stage
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(ii) A deep valley characterised by steep step-like side slopes is known as
(a) U-shaped valley (c) Blind valley
(b) Gorge (d) Canyon
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(iii) In which one of the following regions the chemical weathering process is more dominant than the mechanical process?
(a) Humid region (c) Arid region
(b) Limestone region (d) Glacier region
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(iv) Which one of the following sentences best defines the term ‘Lapies’ ?
(a) A small to medium sized shallow depression
(b) A landform whose opening is more or less circular at the top and funnel shaped towards bottom
(c) A landform formed due to dripping water from surface
(d) An irregular surface with sharp pinnacles, grooves and ridges
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(v) A deep, long and wide trough or basin with very steep concave high walls at its head as well as in sides is known as:
(a) Cirque (c) Lateral Moraine
(b) Glacial valley (d) Esker
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2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What do incised meanders in rocks and meanders in plains of alluvium indicate?
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(ii) Explain the evolution of valley sinks or uvalas.
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(iii) Underground flow of water is more common than surface run-off in limestone areas. Why?
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(iv) Glacial valleys show up many linear depositional forms. Give their locations and names.
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(v) How does wind perform its task in desert areas? Is it the only agent responsible for the erosional features in the deserts?
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3. Answer the following questions in about 150 words.
(i) Running water is by far the most dominating geomorphic agent in shaping the earth’s surface in humid as well as in arid climates. Explain.
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(ii) Limestones behave differently in humid and arid climates. Why? What is the dominant and almost exclusive geomorphic process in limestone areas and what are its results?
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(iii) How do glaciers accomplish the work of reducing high mountains into low hills and plains?
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