Mugihe inganda zuruganda zakuze nyuma yintambara, inganda nini zagize igice gito cyubukungu. Abenshi muri bo bagera kuri 67 ku ijana mu 1911- bari mu birori na Bombay. Mu gihugu gisigaye, umusaruro ruto rukomeje kwiganje. Gusa umubare muto w’ingabo z’inganda zose zakoraga mu bitekerezo byanditswe: 5 ku ijana mu 1911 na 10 ku ijana mu 1931. Abasigaye bakora mu mahugurwa mato no mu mirimo yo mu rugo, akenshi ziboneka muri Asser-by.
Mubyukuri, mubihe bimwe, umusaruro w’ubutaka byagutse mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri. Ibi ni ukuri no kubijyanye ninzego zamaboko twaganiriye. Mugihe umugozi uhenze. Wahanaguye inganda zizunguruka mu kinyejana cya cumi n’icyenda, abatware bararokotse, nubwo bafite ibibazo. Mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri, umusaruro wambaye intoki wagutse ushikamye: hafi guhiga hagati ya 1900 na 1940.
Ibyo byagenze bite?
Ibi byari igice kubera impinduka zikoranabuhanga. Ubukorikori abantu bakurikiza ikoranabuhanga rishya niba bibafasha kunoza umusaruro utarenze ibiciro. Noneho, mugihe cyimyaka icumi yikinyejana cya makumyabiri dusanga ababora ukoresheje ibihuru hamwe na shitingi. Iyi kongera umusaruro kumukozi kumukozi, yihutiye gukora no kugabanya ibikenewe. Kugeza mu 1941, hejuru ya 35 ku ijana by’abatoki mu Buhinde bashyizwemo amafutizi: mu turere nka Travancore, Myrare, Cochin, ururagarekeranye n’igice cya 70 kugeza 80 ku ijana. Hariho udushya duto duto dufashe ababoramura neza kandi bahaguruke n’umurenge wa Mill.
Amatsinda amwe y’abavutsa yari afite umwanya mwiza kuruta abandi kurokoka amarushanwa n’inganda. Mu barwayi bakemuka bamwe bakoze umwenda kandi bambaye mugihe abandi bongeye ubwoko butandukanye. Imyenda ya coarser yaguzwe nabakene nibisabwa bihinduka bikabije. Mugihe cyo gusarura mbi ninzara, igihe abakene bo mu cyaro batagiraga kurya, kandi amafaranga yabo afite amafaranga yaburiwemo, ntibashobora kugura umwenda. Icyifuzo cyubwoko bwiza bwaguzwe neza-gukora byarahagaze neza. Abakire barashobora kugura ibyo nubwo abakene bashonje. Inzara ntiyagize ingaruka ku kugurisha Barurasi cyangwa Baluchari saris. Byongeye kandi, nkuko wabibonye, Urusyo ntirushobora kwigana inshyi yihariye. Sarisi hamwe nimipaka iboheye, cyangwa ibihangano bizwi cyane bya Madras, ntibishobora kwimurwa byoroshye numusaruro wa Mill.
Ababora n’abandi banyabukorikori bakomeje kwagura umusaruro mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri, ntabwo byanze bikunze byanze bikunze. Babayeho nabi kandi bakora amasaha menshi. Kenshi cyane murugo rwose – harimo nabagore nabana bose – byabaye ngombwa ko bakora mubyiciro bitandukanye byimikorere yumusaruro. Ariko ntabwo bari abasigaye gusa mubihe byashize bafite imyaka yinganda. Ubuzima bwabo n’umurimo wabo byagize uruhare mu nzira yo gukora inganda.
Language: Rwandi