Icapa Umuco na Impinduramatwara y’Abafaransa mu Buhinde Abahanga mu by’amateka benshi bavuze ko umuco wandika washyizeho impinduramatwara y’Ubufaransa yabaye. Turashobora gukora itandukaniro nkiryo? Ubwoko butatu bwimpaka yashyizwe imbere.  Icya mbere: Icapa ikwirakwizwa nibitekerezo byo kumurikirwa. Hamwe na hamwe, inyandiko zabo zatanze ibisobanuro byingenzi mumigenzo, imiziririzo n’ibyasebye. Bavuze ko bakurikiza impamvu aho gushyira umuco, kandi basaba ko ibintu byose bicirwa urubanza binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa impamvu no gushyira mu gaciro. Bateye ubutware bwera bw’itorero n’imbaraga zihendutse za Leta, bityo bagahindura ubuzimagatozi bw’itegeko rusange bishingiye ku migenzo. Inyandiko za Voltaire na Rousseau zasomye cyane; Kandi abasoma ibyo bitabo babonye isi binyuze mumaso mashya, amaso abazwa, anenga kandi ashyira mu gaciro. Icya kabiri: Icapa yakoze umuco mushya wibiganiro no kujya impaka. Indangagaciro zose, amahame n’ibigo byongeye gusuzuma no kuganirwaho n’abaturage bari bamaze kumenya imbaraga zo gutekereza, kandi zimenya ko ari ngombwa kubaza ibitekerezo n’imyizerere buriho. Muri uyu muco wa Leta, ibitekerezo bishya by’impinduramatwara byabayeho,  Icya gatatu: Ku ya 17806s habaye isuka ibitabo byashishikarije ubwami kandi binegura imyitwarire yabo. Muri icyo gikorwa, yazamuye ibibazo bijyanye na gahunda iriho. Ikarito hamwe na karicatures mubisanzwe byasabye ko umwami yakomeje gufatwa gusa ibinezeza gusa mu gihe abaturage basanzwe bahuye n’ingorane nyinshi. Ibitabo byakwirakwijwe mu nsi no kugana ku mikurire y’intumbero yangirije kubwami. Twareba dute iyi ngingo? Ntidushobora gushidikanya ko icapiro rifasha gukwirakwiza ibitekerezo. Ariko tugomba kwibuka ko abantu batasomye ibitabo bimwe gusa. Niba basomye ibitekerezo bya Voltaire na Rousseau, nabo bahuye na poropagande ya cyami na itorero. Ntabwo bayobowe muburyo bukoreshwa nabi cyangwa babonye. Bemeye ibitekerezo bimwe kandi banga abandi. Basobanuye ibintu muburyo bwabo. Icapiro ntabwo rihindura ibitekerezo byabo, ariko byafunguye uburyo bwo gutekereza ukundi.   Language: Rwandi