Ngokuhambelana nemvukelo yabahlwempuzekileyo, abangasebenziyo kunye nabasebenzi abalambayo kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu ngonyaka we-1848, inguquko ekhokelwa ziiklasi ezifundiweyo ziyaqhubeka. Iziganeko zikaFebruwari 1848 eFrance zazisifakile malunga nokungafuneki kwenkosi neriphabliki esekwe kusonjululwe kwaphela. Kwezinye iindawo zaseYurophu apho isizwe esizimeleyo sasingekabikho – njengeJamani, ePoland, uBukhosi base-Austro-Hungarion – amadoda kunye nabasetyhini abadibeneyo badibene neemfuno zabo zogatya. Basebenzisa ithuba lokukhula okuqhelekileyo ukutyhala imfuno yabo yokuyilwa isizwe–rhulumente kwimigaqo yepalamente – umgaqo-siseko, inkululeko yoMbutho nenkululeko yoMbutho nenkululeko yoMbutho nenkululeko yoMbutho nenkululeko yokunxulumana.
Kwimimandla yaseJamani inani elikhulu lezobupolitika ezabelwe amalungu aphakathi, oosomashishini kunye namagcisa achumileyo badibana kwiNdibano yeSizwe yeJamani yonke. Nge-18 kaMeyi 1848, abangama-831 abameli abanyuliweyo basuka kwindibano yemibhiyozo ukuze bathathe iindawo zabo kwiPalamente yaseFrankfurt ebiyelwe kwiCawa yaseSt Paul. Bayilwa ngumgaqo-siseko wesizwe saseJamani esiya kuthi senziwe ngumbulali phantsi kwePalamente. Xa ii-suruties zanika isithsaba kule migqaliselo kwi-Feridrich wilihelm IV, Kumkani wasePrussia, wayalugatya kwaye wadibana nabanye abanyulu ukuba bachase indibano ekhethiweyo. Ngelixa inkcaso ye-aristorance kunye nomkhosi baba namandla, isiseko sentlalontle sePalamente siye sancitshiswa. IPalamente yayilawulwa ziiklasi eziphakathi ezathintela iimfuno zabasebenzi kunye namagcisa kwaye ngenxa yoko waphulukana nenkxaso. Kwimikhosi yokuphela kwabizwa ngokuba lendibano yanyanzelwa ukuba ilahle.
Umcimbi wokwandisa amalungelo ezopolitiko kubafazi yayiyimpikiswano enye kwintshukumo yenkululeko, apho inani elikhulu labafazi lalithathe inxaxheba kwinkuthalo iminyaka. Abafazi babekhekele ukunxulumana nezopolitiko, amaphephandaba amaphephandaba kwaye athabatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zezopolitiko kunye nemiboniso. Ngaphandle koku kwavunyelwa amalungelo okusebenza ngexesha lonyulo lwendibano. Xa iPalamente yaseFrankfurt ibinegunya kwiCawe yeCape Paul, abafazi bavunywa kuphela njengababukeli besiya kwigalari yegalari.
Nangona amakhosi olondolozwayo ayekwazi ukucinezela iintshukumo zenkululeko ngo-1848, azikwazanga ukubuyisela iodolo yakudala. Iinkosi zakudala zaqala ukuqaphela ukuba imijikelezo yenguquko kunye nengcinezelo inokuphela kuphela ngokubonelela ngemvume kwiinguqu zenkululeko. Yiyo loo nto, kwiminyaka emva kweminyaka engama-1848, intlalontle yobuthixo e-Europhu ngaphambi kwe-1815. Abalawuli be-habbsburg bakhuthaze i-ItheAris eyahlukileyo kwabaseHungary ngonyaka we-1867.
Language: Xhosa