Ngo-1772, uHenry Patullo, isikhulu senkampani, wayesevele esho ukuthi isidingo sezindwangu zaseNdiya asisoze sanciphisa, ngoba asikho esinye isizwe esikhiqize izimpahla zekhwalithi efanayo. Kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye sibona ukuqala kokuncipha okude kokuthumela ngaphandle kwaseNdiya. Ngo-1811-12 izimpahla ezibaliwe zabalwa ngamaphesenti angama-33 ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwaseNdiya; Ngo-1850-51 kwakungekho ngaphezu kwamaphesenti amathathu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Kwakuyini imiphumela yawo?
Njengoba izimboni zekotini zakhiwa eNgilandi, amaqembu ezimboni zaqala ukukhathazeka ngokungenisa kwamanye amazwe. Bacindezele uhulumeni ukuthi babeke imisebenzi yokungenisa izindwangu zekotoni ukuze izimpahla ze-manchester zingathengisa eBrithani ngaphandle kokubhekana nanoma yimuphi umncintiswano ovela ngaphandle. Ngasikhathi sinye izikhundla zenkonzo zincenga inkampani yase-East India ukuthengisa okwenziwa eBrithani ezimakethe zaseNdiya. Ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kwezimpahla zezokotini zaseBrithani zanda kakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili kwakukhona cishe akukho ukungeniswa kwezimpahla zikakotini e-India. Kepha ngentengo ye-cotton kakotini eyakhiwe ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-31 enani lokungenisa ngaphakathi kwamaNdiya; Futhi ngawo-1870 lesi sibalo sasingaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-50.
Ngakho-ke, amalulu ekotini e-India abhekana nezinkinga ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye: Imakethe yokuthumela ngaphandle yawa, futhi imakethe yendawo ishibilika, igcwele ukufakwa kweManchester. Kukhiqizwe ngemishini ngezindleko eziphansi, izimpahla zekotini ezingeniswayo zazishibhile kangangokuba abaluki behluleka ukuncintisana nabo kalula. Ngawo-1850s, kubika okuvela ezifundeni eziningi kakhulu zeNdiya izindaba ezilandisiwe zokwehla kanye nencithakalo.
Ngawo-1860s, abaluki babhekana nenkinga entsha. Abakwazanga ukuthola ukuhlinzekwa ngokwanele ukotini oluhlaza wekhwalithi enhle. Lapho iMelika
Kwaqubuka impi yombango futhi kwaqubuka ekotini e-US, iBrithani yaphendukela eNdiya. Njengoba ukuthunyelwa kokotini okuluhlaza kusuka eNdiya kwandise, intengo yokugcotshwa kokotini eluhlaza. Abaluki eNdiya babulawa yindlala futhi baphoqeleka ukuthi bathenge ukotini obuluhlaza ngamanani akhuphukayo. Kulokhu, ukuluka kwesimo akukwazanga ukukhokha.
Lapho-ke, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, abaluki kanye nezinye izingcweti babhekana nenye inkinga. Amafektri eNdiya yaqala ukukhiqizwa, izikhukhula emakethe ngempahla yomshini. Ngabe izimboni ezivusa izimboni zingasinda kanjani?
Language: Zulu