Icala elingejwayelekile leBrithani eNdiya

Imodeli yesizwe noma isifundazwe, ezinye izazi ziye zaxabana, zinkulu Britain. EBrithani ukwakheka kwesizwe-isimo kwakungewona umphumela wokuphazanyiswa okungazelelwe noma ukuguqulwa. Kwakungumphumela wenqubo edonswe isikhathi eside. Kwakungekho sizwe saseBrithani ngaphambi kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili. Ubunikazi obukhulu babantu abaye bahlala iziqhingi zaseBrithani kwakukhona izizwe – ezinjengesiNgisi, iWelsh, iScot noma i-Ireland. Onke la maqembu ezinhlanga ayenamasiko awo amasiko nezepolitiki. Kepha njengoba isizwe sesiNgisi sikhula ngokuqinile engcebweni, ukubaluleka namandla, sakwazi ukwelula ukuthonya kwaso phezu kwezinye izizwe zeziqhingi. IPhalamende lesiNgisi, elalithambekele emaphethelweni ngo-1688 ngasekupheleni kwengxabano eqinile, kwakuyithuluzi lapho izwe – izwe, neNgilandi elisesikhungweni salo, lakhiwa. Umthetho we-Union (1707) phakathi kweNgilandi neScotland okuholele ekuthini ukwakheka kwe- ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’ eqinisweni, empeleni, ukuthi iNgilandi yakwazi ukuphothula ithonya layo eScotland. IPhalamende laseBrithani lalibuswa ngamalungu alo esiNgisi. Ukukhula kobunikazi baseBrithani kwakusho ukuthi amasiko ahlukile eScotland kanye nezikhungo zezepolitiki zazicindezelwa ngokuhlelekile. Imindeni yamaKatolika eyayihlale endaweni ephakeme yaseScotland yaba nokucindezelwa okubi kakhulu noma nini lapho bezama ukugcizelela inkululeko yabo. Izindawo eziphakeme zaseScotland zenqatshelwe ukukhuluma ulimi lwazo lwe-gaelic noma zigqoke ingubo yazo kazwelonke, futhi amanani amakhulu axoshwa ngezwe lawo ngenkani.

I-Ireland yahlupheka ngendlela efanayo. Kwakuyizwe elihlukaniswe ngokujulile phakathi kwamaKatolika namaProthestani. AmaNgisi asiza amaProthestani ase-Ireland ukuba athole ubukhosi bawo ezweni elikhulu lamaKatolika. Ukuvukelwa kokuvukelwa kwamaKatolika ngokumelene nobukhosi baseBrithani kwakucindezelwe. Ngemuva kokuvukelwa kwehlulekile okuholwa yi-Wolfe Tone nethoni yakhe enobunye (1798), i-Ireland yafakwa ngenkani eMbusweni we-United ngo-1801. Kwakhiwa ‘isizwe saseBrithani esisha esithi’ Isizwe saseBrithani ‘sakhiwe ngokusakazeka kwesiko eliphakeme lesiko. Izimpawu zeBrithani eNtsha – ifulegi laseBrithani (Union Jack), iculo lesizwe

  Language: Zulu